Instructor: Dr. Clément Mallet, IGN France, e-mail: clement.mallet@ign.fr

Target audience: PhD and Master students involved in remote sensing, photogrammetry and digital cartography, staff from national mapping agencies, public authorities and third parties in charge of mapping using satellite imagery.

Course objective: The course will present state-of-the-art techniques for change detection (CD) in land-cover geospatial databases. The first part of the lecture will be dedicated to classification (feature extraction and labeling techniques) and the second part will focus on how to apply such techniques for CD issues. Both technical aspects and practical issues will be described during this course. The relevance of various remote sensing data will be discussed before providing solutions for 2D database change detection and update. In addition, the participants will learn how to benefit from various data sources and how to take advantage of the multiple spatial, spectral, and temporal resolutions of the input data.

Course outline:

Module 1. General assessments
The aim is to present the various remote sensing data sources as well as the various spatial and temporal scales of analysis for change detection. Questions like why to detect changes or which kinds of change can be detected are going to be answered. Land-Use/Land-Cover (LCLU) monitoring is presented as well as the various kinds of existing LCLU geodatabases.

• Remote Sensing data sources
• Spatial and Temporal scales of analysis
• Main applications
• Outlook on main change detection methods

Module 2. Image-to-Image 2D change detection

• First, focus will be made on the simple radiometric comparison of images (the so-called pre-classification). Additional lecture and papers are also provided.
• Secondly, a lecture on feature extraction from images is given since CD can be performed on other features that the raw channels of the images.
• Thirdly, classification methods can be carried out on the various images and can be compared (post-classification).
• Exercices will introduce you to both unsupervised and supervised methods on a single image, and two images and then to the post-processing techniques that should be carried out.

Module 3. Operational land-cover change detection

Techniques introduced in modules 1 and 2 will be presented in the operational frameworks of Spanish and German initiatives. In addition, practical solutions for improving CD results will be tested during exercices.

• Which features are the best ones for a given problem ?
• How to design efficient training sets for supervised classification ?

Module 4. 3D change detection
The relevance and the specificity of 3D change detection (i.e. Digital Surface Model vs. Digital Surface Model) will be introduced. Two main CD techniques will be detailed and followed by exercises enhancing which processing techniques should be adopted.

Module 5. Time-series Image Analysis

• Benefit of image sequences for LC/LU mapping and change detection.
• Outlook on existing methods for multitemporal change detection.

Exercices on how to benefit from multiple images to improve CD results.

Instructor: Dr. Wolfgang Kresse, University of Applied Sciences Neubrandenburg, e-mail: kresse@hs-nb.de

Target audience: PhD students and people responsible for the design and the administration of geographic information systems, primarily in the public sector.

Course objective: The topic is primarily background information that helps to understand the foundation of modern geographic information systems, not least of the administrative systems such as INSPIRE. However, the practical part also demonstrates how standards are applied to the creation of new applications.

Course outline: The course will start with the kick-off seminar followed by a set of tasks that will be accomplished at home and discussed and finalized online via the Internet.

Module 1. The content of this module includes the characteristics of standards, standardization bodies, the relevance of standards, their original sources and the process towards final standards documents, the relation between standards, and the usage of standards in software development and legislation.

Module 2. The content of this module is a detailed discussion of a larger set of standards for geographic information. The topic begins with the reference model and infrastructure standards such as the conceptual schema language, continues with the basic standards regarding space and time as well as services, quality, rights and general metadata, and finally proceeds to implementation, web-mapping, and imagery. A small geoportal will be created while the focus is set on the demonstration and the analysis of the standards involved.

Module 3. The content of this module is the development of an application model, the derivation of an xml schema, and the development of a software interface for a r/w access.